An Analysis of the Implementation of the Problem-Based Learning Model Integrated with the Toba Batak Ruma Bolon Philosophy among Students of SD Budi Murni 6 Medan in Science Learning

Abstract

This study aims to describe the implementation of the Problem-Based Learning model integrated with the Toba Batak Ruma Bolon philosophy in science learning on the topic of states of matter and their changes among students of SD Budi Murni 6 Medan. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach. The research subjects consisted of the classroom teacher and elementary school students involved in the learning process. Data were collected through classroom observation, interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, while data validity was strengthened through source and technique triangulation. The results showed that the integration of the Ruma Bolon philosophy into the Problem-Based Learning model created a more contextual, collaborative, and meaningful science learning process. The values of togetherness, deliberation, responsibility, order, and harmony with the environment were reflected in the stages of problem orientation, group discussion, simple investigation, presentation, and learning reflection. Students were able to understand the concepts of solids, liquids, gases, melting, freezing, evaporation, condensation, and sublimation more easily when these concepts were connected to concrete objects, daily experiences, and local cultural contexts. However, several obstacles were found, including limited instructional time, differences in students’ communication abilities, and the need for more systematic preparation of contextual problems and learning materials. The study concludes that the Problem-Based Learning model integrated with the Toba Batak Ruma Bolon philosophy is relevant to be applied as a local wisdom-based science learning strategy in elementary schools, particularly to strengthen students’ conceptual understanding, collaboration, and appreciation of local culture.